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<title>Common Interface</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Common Interface</span></span>

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<p>In <a href="Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">Digital Video Broadcasting</a> (DVB), the <b>Common Interface</b> (also called <b>DVB-CI</b>) is a technology which allows decryption of pay TV channels. Pay TV stations want to choose which encryption method to use. The Common Interface allows TV manufacturers to support many different pay TV stations, by allowing to plug in exchangeable <a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">conditional-access modules</a> (CAM) for various encryption schemes.

</p><p>The Common Interface is the connection between the TV tuner (TV or <a href="Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top box</a>) and the module that decrypts the TV signal (CAM). This module, in turn, then accepts the pay-to-view subscriber card, which contains the access keys and permissions.

</p><p>The host (TV or <a href="Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top box</a>) is responsible for tuning to pay TV channels and demodulation of the <a href="Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">RF</a> signal, while CAM is responsible for CA descrambling. The Common Interface allows them to communicate with each other. All Common Interface equipment must comply with the EN 50221-1997 standard. This is a defined standard that enables the addition of a CAM in a <a href="DTV_receiver" title="DTV receiver">DTV receiver</a> to adapt it to different kinds of <a href="Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cryptography</a>. The EN 50221 specification allows many types of modules but only the CAM has found popularity because of the <a href="Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay TV</a> market. Indeed, one of Digital Video Broadcasting's main strengths is the option of implementing the required conditional access capability on the Common Interface.

</p><p>This allows broadcasters to use modules containing solutions from different suppliers, thus increasing their choice of anti-piracy options.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mode_of_operation">Mode of operation</h2></div>

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<p>A <a href="Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a> receiver may have one or two slots implementing the Common Interface (CI). The CI uses the <a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">conditional-access module</a> (<a href="PCMCIA" title="PCMCIA">PCMCIA</a>) connector and conforms to the <a href="Common_Scrambling_Algorithm" title="Common Scrambling Algorithm">Common Scrambling Algorithm</a> (CSA), the normative that specifies that such a receiver must be able to accept DES (<a href="Data_Encryption_Standard" title="Data Encryption Standard">Data Encryption Standard</a>) keys in intervals of some milliseconds, and use them to decode private channels according to a specific algorithm.

</p><p>Those algorithms are proprietary to individual suppliers. Each one uses their own algorithms and there is no defined standard for them.

</p><p>As the full <a href="MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> transport data stream comes out of the demodulator, and error correction units, the <a href="DTV_Receiver" class="mw-redirect" title="DTV Receiver">DTV Receiver</a> sends it through the card plugged into the Common Interface, before it is processed by the MPEG demultiplexer in the receiver. If several CI cards are present, the MPEG transport data stream will be passed sequentially through all these cards.

</p><p>An embedded CAM may not physically exist, as it may be in CPU software. In such a case, only the <a href="Smart_card" title="Smart card">smart card</a> reader normally in the CAM is fitted and not the PCMCIA type CI slots.

</p><p>Even if the Common Interface has been created to resolve cryptography issues, it can have other functions using other types of modules such as <a href="Web_Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Browser">Web Browser</a>, <a href="Integrated_Digital_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Digital Television">iDTV</a> (<a href="Interactive_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive Television">Interactive Television</a>), and so forth.

</p><p>In Europe, DVB-CI is obligatory in all iDTV terminals.

</p><p>The host sends an encrypted <a href="MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG transport stream</a> to the <a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">CAM</a> and the CAM sends the decrypted transport stream back to the host. The CAM often contains a smart-card reader.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standards">Standards</h2></div>

<p>The normative DVB-CI standard EN 50221 was defined in 1997 by <a href="CENELEC" class="mw-redirect" title="CENELEC">CENELEC</a>, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization.

</p><p>According to the Common Interface scheme:

</p>

<ul><li><b>host</b> : A device where module(s) can be connected; for example, an <a href="Integrated_receiver/decoder" title="Integrated receiver/decoder">integrated receiver/decoder</a> (IRD), a VCR, a PC, etc.</li>

<li><b>module</b>: A small device, not working by itself, designed to run specialized tasks in association with a host; for example, a conditional access sub system, an electronic program guide application module, or to provide resources required by an application but not provided directly by the host.</li></ul>

<p>The specification defines only two aspects, two logical interfaces to be included on the same physical interface. The first interface is the <a href="MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> transport stream. The link and physical layers are defined in this specification and the higher layers are defined in the <a href="MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> specifications. The second interface, the command interface, carries commands between the host (receiver) and the module.

</p><p>The specification does not define the operation or functionality of a conditional access system application on the module. The applications that may be performed by a module communicating across the interface are not limited to conditional access or to those described in this specification. More than one module may be supported concurrently.

</p><p>The common interface shares many features of the <a href="PC_Card" title="PC Card">PC Card</a> standard (<a href="PCMCIA" title="PCMCIA">PCMCIA</a>). By reducing the widths of the address

and data buses it has been possible to include a bi-directional parallel transport stream interface.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transport_Stream_Interface_(TSI)">Transport Stream Interface (TSI)</h4></div>

<p>The transport stream format is specified by IEC 13818-1 and is the <a href="MPEG_2" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG 2">MPEG 2</a> TS format.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Command_Interface">Command Interface</h4></div>

<p>In addition there is a command interface for communication between the host and module.

</p><p>This communication is in the form of a layered protocol stack which allows the host and module to share <b>resources</b>. For example, the module can request the current date and time from the host. To use this service, module shall open a session to the "Date-Time" resource provided by host. Or, module can ask the host to display a message on the TV screen and can then read keypresses from the host remote control. This is done by opening a session to host's Man-Machine Interface (MMI) Resource. This resource also allows the CAM to request and receive PIN numbers.

</p><p>Some of defined by DVB-CI resources are de facto optional. For example, the host could contain a modem for communication over a telephone line allowing the CAM to implement pay-per-view. This can be done by opening a session to host's Low-Speed Communication (LSC) resource (assuming that the host announced the availability of this resource). The Host Control resource (allowing CAM to request force-tuned) also may be absent in some of hosts.

</p><p>The definitely mandatory resources are Resource Manager, Application Information and Conditional Access Support ones. First two of these three are necessary for initial handshaking between CAM and its host, while the CA Support resource is necessary for descrambling the selected channels.

</p><p>The Command Interface is extensible and there are several specification documents available which describe these extensions (e.g. ETSI TS 101 699). However, these extensions have often not proved popular with manufacturers.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definition">Definition</h4></div>

<p><b>CI+</b> (also known as <b>CI Plus</b> or <b>Common Interface Plus</b>) is a specification that extends the original <a href="Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a> Common Interface standard (DVB-CI, sometimes referred to as DVB-CIv1). The main addition introduced by <b>CI+</b> is a form of copy protection between a CI+ <a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">conditional-access module</a> (referenced by the spec as <b>CICAM</b>, while <b>CI+ CAM</b> seems to be a more precise abbreviation) and the television receiver (host). CI+ is backward-compatible with DVB-CIv1. Old television receivers which have a CIv1 CI-slot can be used with CI+ CAM and vice versa, but for viewing only those of TV programs which are not marked as CI+ protected.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="History">History</h4></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Initial_versions">Initial versions</h5></div>

<p>CI+ specification has been developed by consumer electronic firms <a href="Panasonic_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Corporation">Panasonic</a>, <a href="Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a>, <a href="Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a> and <a href="Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>, as well as pay-TV technology company <a href="Kudelski_Group" title="Kudelski Group">SmarDTV</a> and <a href="Fabless" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabless">fabless</a> <a href="Integrated_circuit" title="Integrated circuit">chip</a> maker Neotion.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A first draft of the specification was put up for review in January 2008 as V1.00 CI Plus Specification.

The establishment of the Trusted Authority has been completed<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an official security certification lab appointed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2009, versions 1.1 and 1.2 were released. The 1.2 version became the first one which was massively deployed.

The main features added to the original DVB-CI standard by CI+ v1.2 are:

</p>

<ul><li>Content Control (allows re-encryption of video and audio on their way from CI+ CAM to its host)</li>

<li>coordination of CAM firmware upgrade between CAM and its host</li>

<li>"CI Plus browser"; support of <a href="MHEG-5" title="MHEG-5">MHEG-5</a> applications running on a CI+ host, launched by a CI+ CAM and being able to communicate with it</li>

<li>support of IP communication was added to the DVB-CI's Low-Speed Communication (LSC) resource (but without renaming it to "High-Speed").</li></ul>

<p>The spec does not state explicitly about each feature if it is mandatory or optional. The mandatory feature (as it is actually the main raison d'être of CI+) is Content Control. The optional feature of v1.2 version is "PVR Resource"; this can be concluded from the fact that it does not appear in newer CI+ spec versions.

</p>

<p>In 2011, version 1.3 of the CI+ spec was released (later replaced with CI+ v1.3.1 and then with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci-plus.com/documentation/ci-plus-specification-v1-3-2/">CI+ v1.3.2</a>, still commonly referenced as CI+ v1.3). The main features added by CI+ v1.3 to CI+ v1.2 are:

</p>

<ul><li>various enhancements of Content Control mechanism</li>

<li>coordination of parental control PIN code handling between CAM and its host</li>

<li>better IP communication support (increased data throughput)</li>

<li>VOD support</li>

<li>a new Operator Profile resource allowing CAM to adapt non-standard broadcast-specific service information to standard DVB format understandable by host.</li></ul>

<p>With the development of CI+, the standard has now come under the umbrella of the DVB standards organization.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2014, DVB released <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103200_103299/103205/01.01.01_60/ts_103205v010101p.pdf">ETSI TS 103 205 V1.1.1</a> specification, defining what is often referred as "CI+ v1.4".

The main features added by ETSI TS 103 205 to CI+ v1.3 are:

</p>

<ul><li>multi-tuner support</li>

<li>URI (usage rules information) extensions (the most prominent is addition of trick mode enable/disable flag)</li>

<li>IP-delivered video support</li>

<li>watermarking and transcoding capability</li>

<li>the communication functionality was extended to support IP multicast and hybrid type of communication (hybrid communication means here that IP multicast data arrive to module over the transport stream interface)</li>

<li>CI Plus™ browser extensions (interaction channel, streaming, video scaling etc.)</li>

<li>letting a CI+ CAM to determine if its host supports an advanced application environment (e.g. <a href="HbbTV" class="mw-redirect" title="HbbTV">HbbTV</a> or <a href="Multimedia_Home_Platform" title="Multimedia Home Platform">MHP</a>) and, if yes, to launch a corresponding application</li>

<li>allowing CI+ CAM applications to be represented in the host's channel line-up in form of virtual channels.</li></ul>

<p>In 2018, ETSI published the second generation DVB-CI standard (often referred to as CI+ v2.0): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103600_103699/103605/01.01.01_60/ts_103605v010101p.pdf">TS 103 605 V1.1.1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main evolution of this version is to add USB as physical layer to replace the aging PC Card interface.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Certification">Certification</h4></div>

<p>CI+ Host and CAM test tool development, testing and certification is carried out by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.resillion.com/services/device-testing/devices-testing-tools/ci-plus-test-tool/">Resillion</a> (formerly Eurofins Digital Testing, formerly Digital TV Labs) in the UK (Bristol) and China (Shenzen).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="How_it_works">How it works</h4></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Content_protection">Content protection</h5></div>

<p>By making use of certificates issued by a trusted certification authority, a secure authenticated channel (SAC) is formed between a CI+ CAM and television receiver (host). This SAC is used to generate a shared key, unique per a CAM-host pair, which protects from unauthorized copying the content marked in the associated URI (Usage Rules Info) as a content which needs to be re-encrypted on its way from CAM to host after removal the original CA or DRM scrambling (in the original CI standard, decrypted content could be sent over the <a href="PC_Card" title="PC Card">PCMCIA</a> interface only in unscrambled form).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Revocation">Revocation</h5></div>

<p>CI+ standard allows revocation of compromised CI+ hosts. This is done by broadcasting a Service Operator Certificate Revocation List (SOCRL) in a <a href="DSM-CC" class="mw-redirect" title="DSM-CC">DSM-CC</a> data carousel. If CAM detects that its host's ID, model or brand is listed in SOCRL (and is not listed in optional SOCWL – Service Operator Certificate White List), the CAM must refuse descrambling the content marked in CI+ URI as protected. A SOCRL is created and signed by the CI+ Root-of-Trust on request of a Service Operator. To prevent replay of out-of-dated SOCRL and SOCWL, they must be broadcast in combination with RSD (Revocation Signaling Data) table which specifies the last versions of SOCRL and SOCWL and their location in the DSM-CC data carousel. The RSD also must be signed.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Enhanced_MMI">Enhanced MMI</h5></div>

<p>A CI+ 1.3 compliant host device must implement <a href="MHEG-5" title="MHEG-5">MHEG-5</a> interactive TV engine to manage navigation of the user within an interactive TV application, using its device remote control.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Support of <a href="Multimedia_Home_Platform" title="Multimedia Home Platform">MHP</a> or <a href="HbbTV" class="mw-redirect" title="HbbTV">HbbTV</a> interactive TV engines are also optional. CI+ 1.4 hosts may optionally support the <a href="MHEG-5" title="MHEG-5">MHEG-5</a> interactive TV engine.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operators_(partial_list)">Operators (partial list)</h4></div>

<p>The following operators have currently rolled out CI+ support or plan to do so:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>

<ul><li><a href="Digitalb" class="mw-redirect" title="Digitalb">Digitalb</a></li>

<li>Tring TV</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>

<ul><li><a href="Blizoo" title="Blizoo">Blizoo</a> – launched CI+ in 2014</li>

<li><a href="Bulsatcom" title="Bulsatcom">Bulsatcom</a> – launched CI+ v1.3</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>

<ul><li><a href="Telenet_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Telenet (Belgium)">Telenet</a> – launched CI+ in June 2013<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><a href="T%C3%A9l%C3%A9sat" title="Télésat">Télésat</a> and <a href="TV_Vlaanderen" title="TV Vlaanderen">TV Vlaanderen</a></li>

<li><a href="VOO" title="VOO">VOO</a> – launched CI+ in September 2015</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>

<ul><li>evotv – launched CI+ v1.3</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="France" title="France">France</a>

<ul><li><a href="Groupe_Canal%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupe Canal+">Canal+</a> – launched the "Canal Ready" label for devices able to receive Canal+ channel</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>

<li><a href="Kabel_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabel Deutschland">Kabel Deutschland</a> – <a href="NDS_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="NDS Group">NDS CAM</a></li>

<li><a href="Sky_Deutschland" title="Sky Deutschland">Sky Deutschland</a> – <a href="NDS_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="NDS Group">NDS CAM</a></li>

<li><a href="Tele_Columbus" title="Tele Columbus">Tele Columbus</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mediaset_Premium" title="Mediaset Premium">Mediaset Premium</a> (<a href="Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">Digital terrestrial television</a>)– needs CI+ slot on HD television to descramble high-definition channel <a href="Mediaset_Premium" title="Mediaset Premium">Premium Calcio HD</a>.</li>

<li><a href="Tiv%C3%B9sat" title="Tivùsat">Tivùsat</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>

<ul><li>Eltrona</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>

<ul><li><a href="Caiway" title="Caiway">Caiway</a> – launched CI+ in October 2009<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><a href="Delta_NV" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta NV">Delta NV</a> – launched CI+ in 2010</li>

<li><a href="Kabel_Noord" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabel Noord">Kabel Noord</a> – launched CI+ in 2010</li>

<li><a href="Ziggo" title="Ziggo">Ziggo</a> – launched CI+ in September 2009 (2011 in former <a href="UPC_Nederland" class="mw-redirect" title="UPC Nederland">UPC</a> areas), SMiT and Neotion CAM modules are used<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cyfrowy_Polsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyfrowy Polsat">Cyfrowy Polsat</a> – <a href="Nagravision" title="Nagravision">Nagravision CAM</a></li>

<li><a href="UPC_Poland" title="UPC Poland">UPC Poland</a></li>

<li><a href="Platforma_Canal%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Platforma Canal+">Platforma Canal+</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>

<ul><li><a href="UPC_Romania" title="UPC Romania">UPC Romania</a> (now Vodafone) – launched CI+ in April 2012</li>

<li><a href="RCS_%26_RDS" class="mw-redirect" title="RCS & RDS">RCS & RDS</a> (Digi TV) – Starting November 2013</li>

<li><a href="Focus_Sat" title="Focus Sat">Focus Sat</a> – Starting March 2020, previously compatible with 3rd party CIv1 or registered CI+ <a href="Conax" title="Conax">Conax</a> modules</li>

<li><a href="Orange_Romania" title="Orange Romania">Orange TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Telekom_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Telekom Romania">Telekom</a> (formerly Romtelecom/Dolce)</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>

<ul><li><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE" class="extiw external" title="ru:Акадо">Akado TV</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>

<li>Supernova</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>

<ul><li><a href="Boxer_TV_Access" title="Boxer TV Access">Boxer</a></li>

<li><a href="Viasat_(Nordic_television_service)" title="Viasat (Nordic television service)">Viasat</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>

<ul><li><a href="UPC_Cablecom" class="mw-redirect" title="UPC Cablecom">UPC Cablecom</a> – starting June 2010<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>

<ul><li><a href="D-Smart" title="D-Smart">D-Smart</a></li>

<li><a href="Teled%C3%BCnya" class="mw-redirect" title="Teledünya">Teledünya</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>

<p>In July 2009 the largest cable operator in the Netherlands, <a href="Ziggo" title="Ziggo">Ziggo</a>, announced that it would support CI+ based <a href="Integrated_Digital_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Digital Television">Integrated Digital Television</a> sets (IDTVs) actively.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2009 the first batch of 15,000 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101104041859/http://www.smit.com.cn/english/index.asp">SMiT</a> (Shenzhen State Micro Technology Co., Ltd.) CI+ CAMs was offered by various Dutch retailers, followed in October 2009 by the first batch of Neotion CAMs.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other supporters included Canal+,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and conditional access companies Irdeto<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Conax.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, NDS (now <a href="Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a>) announced that it would support <a href="Kabel_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabel Deutschland">Kabel Deutschland</a> to deploy CI+ to its customers.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, CI+ CAMs with <a href="Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a> <a href="VideoGuard" title="VideoGuard">VideoGuard</a> CA, manufactured by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101104041859/http://www.smit.com.cn/english/index.asp">SMiT</a> were deployed at <a href="D-Smart" title="D-Smart">D-Smart</a>, KDG (<a href="Kabel_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabel Deutschland">Kabel Deutschland</a>), KBW, <a href="Sky_Deutschland" title="Sky Deutschland">Sky Deutschland</a>, and <a href="Tele_Columbus" title="Tele Columbus">Tele Columbus</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compatible_TV_sets_(partial_list)">Compatible TV sets (partial list)</h3></div>

<ul><li>LG 2010 models all LD and LE series also MFT models MXX80D</li>

<li>Many of Samsung's new LCD, LCD LED and plasma model variants with CI+ compatible motherboards, although there were some incompatibilities between TV and UPC and RCS-RDS CI+ modules, even with models certified by UPC and RCS-RDS. Some problems were solved by upgrading the firmware of the TV, other were solved by simply replacing (in many cases under warranty) the motherboard. Some Samsung models require an adaptor for non-standard CI module sockets.</li>

<li>Many of Sony's models including the Bravia W5500 series. Some older models needed a firmware update.</li>

<li>Philips 5000 and 9000 series LCD TVs (required firmware pending according to Ziggo)</li>

<li><a href="Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> early models (until early 2011) with CI+ slots needed a new firmware to be fully CI+ compatible. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://panasonic.jp/support/global/cs/dvd/download/xs350/index.html">update 2010</a>). All incompatibility problems were solved by software and firmware updates, or sometimes by using a CI+ card or module with other firmware. All models produced after early 2011 are fully compatible with CI+.</li>

<li>Some <a href="Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a> Technika models.</li>

<li>Many <a href="Vestel" title="Vestel">Vestel</a>-based TV sets mark the fact they are CI+ certified in their shop mode (or demo mode) or simply by a sticker attached on the front of the set. In many cases, CI+ compatibility of the Vestel sets is mentioned on the package.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Embedded_Common_Interface">Embedded Common Interface</h2></div>

<p>A new <a href="ETSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ETSI">ETSI</a> working group will be working on Embedded Common Interface (ECI).

</p>

<ul><li><a href="CableCARD" title="CableCARD">CableCARD</a></li>

<li><a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">Conditional-access module</a> (CAM)</li>

<li><a href="Television_encryption" title="Television encryption">Television encryption</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308182731/http://www.cabot.co.uk/resources/technical-papers-library/ci-technical-paper/at_download/file">"Cabot Communications Ltd. CI+ Technical Paper"</a>. <i>Cabot</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabot.co.uk/resources/technical-papers-library/ci-technical-paper/at_download/file">the original</a> on 2012-03-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090424045424/http://www.trustcenter.de/media/PM-CIPlus-090213-de.pdf">"Führende TV-Hersteller vertrauen bei der Umsetzung des CI Plus-Standards in Europa auf TC TrustCenter"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Press release) (in German). Hamburg: TC TrustCenter. 2009-04-13. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trustcenter.de/media/PM-CIPlus-090213-de.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-04-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFClover2009" class="citation web cs1">Clover, Julian (2009-03-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/?p=15049">"Digital TV Labs to test for CI Plus"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFClover2011" class="citation web cs1">Clover, Julian (2011-02-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2011/02/18/ci-plus-back-with-the-dvb/">"CI Plus back with the DVB"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dvb.org/news/second-generation-dvb-ci-standard-published/">"Second generation DVB-CI standard published"</a>. <i>DVB</i>. 2018-11-02.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140211022031/http://www.ci-plus.com/data/ci-plus_specification_v1.3.1.pdf">"CI PlusSpecification 1.3.1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci-plus.com/data/ci-plus_specification_v1.3.1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2014-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-28</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci-plus.com/documentation/">"Change Notice 040"</a>. <i>CI Plus</i>. 14 November 2018.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://telenet.be/nl/tv-met-een-kaartje">"TV met een kaartje"</a> [TV with a card]. <i>Telenet</i> (in Dutch).</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caiw.nl/site/nl/particulier/televisie/digitaletelevisie/producten/cipluscam">Caiway CI+ CAM (Dutch)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110724060334/http://www.caiw.nl/site/nl/particulier/televisie/digitaletelevisie/producten/cipluscam">Archived</a> 2011-07-24 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBriel2009" class="citation web cs1">Briel, Robert (2009-10-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/10/16/caiway-introduces-ci-plus-modules/">"Caiway introduces CI Plus modules"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ziggo.nl/producten/televisie/ci-plus?ns_campaign=t4u&ns_mchannel=ppc&ns_source=google&ns_linkname=sea&ns_fee=0&gclid=CKTE5-Ol2p0CFVBd4wodpGwtrA">"Digitale Televisie Module"</a>. <i>Ziggo</i> (in Dutch). 1970-01-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upc-cablecom.ch/content/dam/www-upc-cablecom-ch/About/en/doc/medienmitteilungen/2010/cablecom_press_release_2010_03_09.pdf">"Cablecom makes access to digital TV in HD quality and Internet easier and cheaper"</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.topuptv.com/ciplus/">"CI+ Landing"</a>. <i>Top Up TV</i>. 2012-07-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBriel2009" class="citation web cs1">Briel, Robert (2009-07-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/07/07/ziggo-claims-world-first-with-ci-plus/">"Ziggo claims 'world first' with CI Plus"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-07-07</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smit.com.cn/English/newDetail.asp?InfoId=6325&js=2/2009/08/13/">Ziggo Approved SMiT CI+ CAM</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neotion.com/news/pr/PR_Ziggo-Neotion_231009.pdf">"After initial pioneering, ZIGGO and NEOTION are now further unleashing CI Plus momentum in the Digital Pay TV ecosystem"</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBriel2009" class="citation web cs1">Briel, Robert (2009-08-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/08/30/ziggo-starts-supply-of-ci-plus-cams/">"Ziggo starts supply of CI Plus CAMs"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBriel2009" class="citation web cs1">Briel, Robert (2009-04-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/04/27/canal-backs-ci-plus-with-canal-ready-label/">"Canal+ backs CI Plus with 'Canal Ready' label"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120630061534/http://www.irdeto.com/en/press/63.html">"Irdeto Announces Support for Common Interface Plus (CI+)"</a> (Press release). Irdeto. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irdeto.com/en/press/63.html">the original</a> on 2012-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFClover2008" class="citation web cs1">Clover, Julian (2008-09-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2008/09/12/conax-announces-ci-support/">"Conax announces CI+ support"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFClover2009" class="citation web cs1">Clover, Julian (2009-09-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/09/13/nds-to-deliver-ci-to-kdg-ibc09/">"NDS to deliver CI+ to KDG"</a>. <i>Broadband TV News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci-plus.com/">CI Plus official web site</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurofins-digitaltesting.com/test-solutions/consumer-device-testing/ci-plus-llp-testing-services/">Official CI Plus test lab</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://knowledge.digicert.com/generalinformation/device-certificate-services-documents-for-ci-plus.html">Official CI Plus DigiCert</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dvb.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/En50221.V1.pdf">EN 50221 Specification</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linuxtv.org/vdrwiki/index.php/Common_interface">LinuxTV entry for common interface</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://broadcasting.ru/pdf-standard-specifications/interfacing/dvb-ci/ts101699-v1-1-1.pdf">ETSI TS 101 699 - DVB Extensions to the Common Interface Specification</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812140421/http://broadcasting.ru/pdf-standard-specifications/interfacing/dvb-ci/ts101699-v1-1-1.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-08-12 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://broadcasting.ru/pdf-standard-specifications/interfacing/dvb-ci/r206-001.pdf">R206-001:1998 - Guidelines for Implementation and Use of the Common Interface for DVB Decoder Applications</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812133058/http://broadcasting.ru/pdf-standard-specifications/interfacing/dvb-ci/r206-001.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-08-12 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dvb.org">Consortium DVB</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080908010732/http://www.cenelec.org/">CENELEC</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708154043/http://www.ci-plus.com/data/ci_plus_specification_v1.2.pdf">CI Plus Specification V1.2 (2009-04)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426050902/http://www.ci-plus.com/data/ci-plus_specification_v1.3.1.pdf">CI Plus Specification V1.3.1 (2011-09)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jokersys.com/2018/03/01/common-interface-ci-descrambling-tv/">Open source and open hardware CI implementation (Joker TV)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230213001717/https://jokersys.com/2018/03/01/common-interface-ci-descrambling-tv/">Archived</a> 2023-02-13 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li>Gerard O'Driscoll, <i>The essential Guide to Digital Set-Boxes and Interactive TV</i>, reprinted April 2000</li>

<li>Jerry whitaker, <i>Television Receivers</i>, 2001</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Broadcast_encryption_and_digital_rights_management313" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Broadcast_encryption" title="Broadcast encryption">Broadcast encryption</a> and <a href="Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">digital rights management</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Conditional_access" title="Conditional access">Conditional access</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="CableCARD" title="CableCARD">CableCARD</a></li>

<li><a href="Conditional_access" title="Conditional access">Conditional access system</a></li>

<li><a href="Renewable_security" title="Renewable security">Renewable security</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Conditional-access_module" title="Conditional-access module">Conditional-access module</a></li>

<li><a href="Broadcast_syndication" title="Broadcast syndication">Syndication</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Smart_card" title="Smart card">Smart cards</a> and <a href="Encryption" title="Encryption">encryption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Cisco_Videoscape" title="Cisco Videoscape">Cisco Videoscape</a>

<ul><li><a href="VideoGuard" title="VideoGuard">VideoGuard</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Conax" title="Conax">Conax</a></li>

<li><a href="Cryptoworks" title="Cryptoworks">Irdeto Cryptoworks</a></li>

<li><a href="DigiCipher_2" title="DigiCipher 2">Digicipher</a></li>

<li><a href="KeyFly" title="KeyFly">KeyFly</a></li>

<li><a href="Nagravision" title="Nagravision">Nagravision</a></li>

<li><a href="PowerVu" title="PowerVu">PowerVu</a></li>

<li><a href="Nagra_France" title="Nagra France">SECA</a> <a href="Mediaguard" title="Mediaguard">Mediaguard</a></li>

<li><a href="Verimatrix" title="Verimatrix">Verimatrix</a></li>

<li><a href="Viaccess" title="Viaccess">Viaccess</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Digital video disc</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Content_Scramble_System" title="Content Scramble System">Content Scramble System</a> (CSS)</li>

<li><a href="Advanced_Access_Content_System" title="Advanced Access Content System">Advanced Access Content System</a> (AACS)</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Authorized_domain" title="Authorized domain">Authorized domain</a></li>

<li><a href="Broadcast_flag" title="Broadcast flag">Broadcast flag</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Data_security" title="Data security">Data security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Card_sharing" title="Card sharing">Card sharing</a></li>

<li><a href="Pirate_decryption" title="Pirate decryption">Pirate decryption</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Analog_television" title="Analog television">Analogue broadcast</a> encoding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="EuroCrypt" title="EuroCrypt">EuroCrypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Leitch_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Leitch Technology">Leitch</a></li>

<li><a href="Oak_Industries" title="Oak Industries">Oak Orion</a></li>

<li><a href="Videocipher" title="Videocipher">Videocipher</a></li>

<li><a href="VideoCrypt" title="VideoCrypt">VideoCrypt</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also <a href="Free-to-view" title="Free-to-view">free-to-view</a> and <a href="Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay television</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Common_Interface&oldid=1298254939">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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